Enhancing food security in sub-Saharan Africa: Investigating the role of environmental degradation, food prices, and institutional quality
The paper “Enhancing Food Security in sub-Saharan Africa: Investigating the role of environmental degradation, food prices, and institutional quality” examines the various determinants affecting food security in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Using panel data from 32 SSA countries spanning from 2002 to 2020, the study explores the influence of agricultural land, population growth, environmental degradation, income per capita, food prices, capital formation, and institutional quality on food security.
Key findings from the study include:
1. Agricultural Land: Expansion of agricultural land significantly enhances food security in short and long terms.
2. Population Growth: Increasing population drives higher food demand, positively contributing to food security.
3. Income per Capita: Higher per capita income boosts food security by improving individuals’ purchasing power.
4. Environmental Degradation: Environmental degradation severely threatens food security by impairing agricultural productivity.
5. Food Prices: The impact of food prices on food security is mixed; higher prices can either enhance or reduce food security depending on the context.
6. Institutional Quality: Poor institutional quality is associated with increased food insecurity.
The study uses various econometric models, including the Pedroni and Kao cointegration tests, pooled mean group (PMG) models, and the Dumitrescu–Hurlin causality test, to ensure robust and reliable findings. The method of moments quantile regression (MMQR) further validates the results.
Based on the findings, the study recommends several strategies to enhance food security in Sub Sahara Africa:
A. Adopting sustainable land use practices
B. Implementing effective environmental management strategies
C. Increasing agricultural investment
D. Reforming governance structures
E. Establishing balanced food pricing mechanisms
The research underscores the need for holistic approaches that address the multifaceted factors influencing food security, emphasizing the importance of sustainable agricultural practices, robust institutions, and strategic economic policies to mitigate food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa.
