Do globalization, foreign direct investment, and inflation drive income inequality? Evidence from Somalia within the Kuznets curve hypothesis

Income inequality remains one of Somalia’s most pressing socio-economic challenges. A new study (1990–2020) investigates how globalization, foreign direct investment (FDI), inflation, and other structural factors shape inequality within the framework of the Kuznets curve hypothesis. Using advanced econometric methods—including ARDL bounds testing, Kernel-based R