ICE Institute at the International Climate Adaptation Forum 2026
The International Climate Adaptation Forum (ICAF 2026), held in Djibouti City from 19 to 21 January 2026, convened researchers, policymakers, civil society actors, and international organisations from 23 countries, with more than 350 participants engaged in discussions on advancing effective and inclusive climate adaptation. Organised by the Doctoral Alliance for Clim
Investigating the complex landscape of climate finance in the least-developed countries(LDCs)
This paper investigates the critical challenges that least-developed countries (LDCs) face in accessing sufficient and stable climate finance. Despite needing $93.7 billion annually for effective climate action, LDCs receive only a fraction of this amount, averaging $14.8 billion. This funding gap impedes their ability to implement necessary mitigation and adaptation